Geography

General Geography of Zarnesti city:

The city is located in the depression compartment Zarnesti – Baraolt, located in the west basin of Barsa, a plain-looking golf, slightly wavy along the Barsa river and stream Turcu, surrounded on three sides by mountains and hills to the south by Mount Magura, which belongs Bran platform on the west slope of the steep and wooded Small Rock Mountains (1816 m. alt.), north west of Mount plague, to the left of Barsa Mare river and north of the hill belonging Pleasa Persian mountains.

Geographic and demographic information:

Altitude: 722 m

Coordinates:

Latitude: 45 ° 34 ’10 “N

Longitude: 25 ° 20 ’25 “E

Country: Romania

County: Brasov

Certification documentary 1373

Population in 2002: 25,332

Area:

208.74 km2, ie 3.78% of the county of Brasov, in which:

Zarnesti: 173.3 km2

Tohan Vechi: 17.86 km2

Neighbourhoods 6 March or Tohan : 32 km2

Tohanul Vechi : 17.26 km2

Population density: 123.83 inh./km2

It is bordered by the localities:

– The northern towns and villages Harseni (Harseni, Copacel, Malinis, Margineni, Sebes) Sinca (Sinca Veche Bucium Ohaba, Persians, Sercaia, Valcea) Poiana (Poiana, Maple, between Oh, Sinca Noua) ; Vulcan (Vulcan, May 1, Holbav)

– East Rasnov;

– The southern towns and villages: Bran (Bran, Predelut, Simon Gate Bran) Moeciu (Moeciu Lower Key, road cart, Magura, Moieciu Upper Cave);

– South West: Podul Damboviaei, Rucar, Arges county.

City of Zarnesti industrial center includes political and administrative localities: Zarnesti, Tohanu Vechi and Tohanu Nou an area of 208.74 km2.

Administrative component:

Neighbourhoods: Zarnesti, Tohanul vechi, Pulp, Tohan blocks, Zarnesti – South New Village Tohanul Nou, hamlets: Pleasa and Tohani, the new neighborhood of homes Brebina.

The entire territory of the city contains the largest part of the Mountain Massif and Barsa, Barsa Following the river, with an elongated leaf shape, constriction at the middle.

Barsa river with all its tributaries have their source in the city and give the name Zarnesti Barsa depression.

The village lies within the Natural Reserve of National Park Piatra Craiului (440 ha in 1938 to 1,200 ha in 1973), 2,600 ha (1995).

Economic and geographic position, influence social and economic life, with smooth links between individual sectors, by paved roads and railways and roads paved with Rasnov, county, Brasov, Fagaras city and village Bran .

By Bran passes and sincere, is connected by road communication with the Carpathian arc and southern regions respectively, Fagaras depression.

The settlement of the city, contact with the mountain as depression that most of the Massif is its territory and determine the area’s major tourism and economic structure of agricultural and forestry activities.

Geomorphology territory

Located in the southwestern section of Barsa depression, depression Zarnesti-Tohan Bay gets to the table mountains, are well framed by masses
the orogen relief portrayed by a line whose maximum height is varied, due both tectonics and erosion over time.
In the south there is a strong hypsometric contract, where the depression is dominated by vigorous aspect of the Rock Mountains and Bucegi
synclines with relief grafted onto passing overhead heights around 2000 m altitude. In the north, massive Tapu (1,640 m) and Plague (1630 m) as
rest of the southern Persian mountains were lower altitudes, with the consequence of a striking contrast.
Contact between depression and frame accurately distinguish orogen, emphasizing the contrast of geo-morphology, as well as different aspect of soil
flora and topoclimei. Erosion out more strongly differentiated the two units out. In general, the contact area is characterized by frequent
interpenetration of the two morphological units, ie, mountains and valley.
Slopes are in morphological development. The action of slope degradation and deforestation have contributed in the past.
Numerous springs, which occur in contact with the table top conglomerates, the orogen frame aided their dislocations.

Zarnesti cadastral territory of the city, lies on three geomorphological units:

– Brasov Depression (depression Zarnesti-Tohan Bay);

– Internal curvature Carpathians (southern Persians);

– Meridional Carpathians (Mountains National Park).

Zarnesti town climate depends on its position in the area and is characterized by elevation and configuration planning (stage dominated by high and
middle-fragmented surrounding mountains with deep valleys, numerous provisions of the slopes), to which we add the influence of vegetation cover (forest edge, of barren mountain peaks or cliffs). However, correct or the influence of climatic factors in a lesser extent, but under the strict dependence
effect of the atmosphere general circulation in the country and our continent. Therefore, local climatic factors, acting on the general fund of the factors
determine the time evolution of our country, the centers as Azores High Baric, Baric Icelandic depression, depressions in the Mediterranean or anticyclone
Siberian.

Given the surface topography and especially due to a nonexistent or more registration stations as automatic climate parameters eg temperature, pressure, velocity, humidity, heatstroke, radioactivity, rainfall, sa. The city has only Zarnesti hydrometeorological station with observations aluviometrice, that’s why all data should be treated with some reserve.

Zarnesti town climate shows characteristics of a transition sub-mountainous climate, with average air temperatures lower than in the precincts of the town
Barsa plain, but higher in the high mountain area of ridge similar to the ones in Bucegi and Fagaras.

Among the basis of air pollutants from the industrial area of the city include: sulfur dioxide, chlorine, carbon oxide, powder, yeast powder, etc.

The hydrographic network of the territory belongs to the city Zarnesti upper Olt River basin. The hydrographic network is composed of streams: Barsa,
Raul Mare, apple and their tributaries.

Average annual flows vary according to certain climatic factors such as growth or reduction of substantial rainfall.
One year the river environment at the mouth of the River northwest of the total volume of water is about 95-100 million m3 of water.
Great River of Zarnestiului has a special feature, namely, constant temperature (6.5 degrees C) throughout the entire year!

The city Zarnesti shows a wide range of soils, so we have: brown (45% of soils) and yellowish brown forest (17% of soils)
and clay-iluviale podzolic, brown and yellowish brown acid, podzolic brown mountain and protorendzine redzine, preudorendzine, hydromorphic,
Alluvial-pluvial aluvio, poorly assessed.

Flora

The perimeter of town planning in these stories fit Zarnesti vegetation: depression, forest, alpine.

Floor depression, up to 800 m altitude – meadows and valleys have formed an association whose vegetation floristic composition
consists of perennial grass pastures, and various species requiring a moist climate to live.

The forest floor is divided into subetajele oak (700 m altitude), beech and oak (700-800 m), beech and conifers (800-1700 m)
spruce forests (1300-1800 m).

Stand species that inhabit the forests of the area occupied volume of village Zarnesti in order, are: Norway spruce, is the basic species,
occupying 51% of forests, tree, occupies about 12% of forests, beech, occupies about 32% of the total forest area.

Other species are maple, elm, linden, oak, hazel, Calin and shock. Barsa riverbed and tributaries is populated by poplar and willow.
Among fruit trees, with meadows full of fruit charms include: raspberry and blackberry bush, hawthorn and hawthorn.
We can not miss the charm of the forests Zarnestiului cuts with fragii or to hedge the afinis clearings and alpine strawberries.

Alpine (800-1800 m altitude)

Alpine grassland flora is composed more of the following species: parusca, clover, poa, grass straw and large leafy spike, agratis vulgaris, sedge;
then composee: lotus caniculatum crepis aurea, species of gentian, strict belt, meum mutelina, steregoaia, cardus species, snowdrop, maize cuckoo,
Garofita mountain brebenei, etc..

The valley forests are: thyme, dragaica, Silene, daisies, Wool vulgaris antilis vulneraria, bells, peppermint, yarrow, watercress, horsetail, billed stork, sage, tricolor viola, violins, hyacinth field, nettle, dead nettle, Omag, Brusturi.

The flora of the area we can mention:
Garofita Stone Mountains (Drbanthus callizonus), Edelweiss, mountain peony, smardarul, censer, Cups, Bulbucii, lily of the valley, snowdrops, snowdrops rich mountain marigold, white and red dead nettle, Paralia mountain chain soft brandusa, primrose and many others.

Fauna

Zarnestiului fauna in the area meet the specific Central European origin: deer, deer, bear, wild boar, squirrel, marten, lynx, jay, grouse, the origin alpine chamois, Brumaire, alpine and arctic finch: plononia, butterfly epiphron Erebor, chamois,

Reptiles: common viper, mountain lizard, newt, Gusterita lizard field.

Among birds, finch meet alpina alpina sheet, Zagan, eagle rock and stone blackbird, grouse, grouse, woodpecker, grouse, golden eagle, buzzard, Buha, huhurezul, thrush, titmouse mountain.

Ichthyological fauna fauna present in specific waters in mountain trout representative. Besides it appears zglavoaca, boisteanul and downstream of Zarnesti, grayling appear.

source of information is: “The sweep time, Zarnesti” – DR. ING. VLAD ILIE