Zarnesti city economy
Agriculture was, with cattle breeding, one of the occupations of the inhabitants of this area since ancient times, long before the arrival of the Saxon colonists.
The oldest cultivated cereal varieties seem to have been spelled (a species that is more resistant wheat usually grown in mountainous areas), barley and millet.
Increasing cattle occupied an important place in agricultural occupations of the people. Area economy had a strong pastoral – agricultural. Earth work and livestock are the foundation of economic life of the Zarnesti people. These two occupations they were booked constant effort and perseverance of some people who are content with a rough life full of privations.
An important occupation was carting. The Geography of Transylvania, printed in 1824, in German, in Sibiu, is described among other places and Zarnesti village at that time. It quoted residents from Zarnesti half is occupied by road.
Indeed, one of the major carriers are centers of Barsa, where there is known to manufacture carts industry, as production belts harness made of Brasov, Cernatu, Satu Lung. From there caravans which, with the proportion of cars later, to the fairs that were not only opportunity for exchange of material and spiritual, but also place information, offers opportunity.
During the War of Independence, many city residents have Russian and Romanian soldiers carry food to the walls of Pleven, and they thus contribute to the great event, so it cites, the archpriest of Zarnesti carts, Traian Meţianu, led by local hauliers and Nicholas John Baiu , Roman soldiers who carried food. Stoica is also cites facts Tipeiu carrier, which has had the opportunity to carry undetected archierul (later Metropolitan of Transylvania, President of the Assembly Popular of Blaj 1848) Andrei Saguna, from Budapest to Sibiu in 1847.
Other documents show that increasing the hauliers, with the opening of the road occurred in Predeal and abolition of serfdom, that the period 1848-1878 and followed him to continue an age restriction, caused mainly by the appearance of the iron road. However, in the late nineteenth century and early twentieth century, there were Săcele, in Scheii Brasov, Zarnesti, and carriers with 4 to 16 to 20 horses.
The beginnings of industrialization to the area and its development nationalization
Industrialization of Zarnesti begins with 1840, when he founded a mechanical spinning cotton yarn, the owner is Ioanovici Constantin Brasov merchant.
In spinning his 1860 re-profiled the articles of fabric, then the match factory.
During the years 1850-1880 Zarnesti worked in a factory, distillery, and in 1860 founded a sawmill.
Undoubtedly, the establishment of paper mill Letea of 1852 was a milestone. The plant went into operation in 1857, with rags as raw material. Paper machines were brought from Belgium.
Another point in the industrialization of the city, is the establishment of Cellulose Plant in 1889 and which came into operation in 1893, the Hungarian capital of Budapest Bank, with a daily production capacity of 10 t. In 1921, after the Great Unification , anonymous society was founded Zarnesti pulp, which took 60% stake. In 1922, the first upgrade is leading to a capacity of 80 tons per day pulp using wood waste timber. In 1939, this plant is taken by Brad Little. In Fig. 4.1.B 4.1.a and present pulp and paper mills (1940).
Another chapter of the industrialization of the area is marked by the construction of Tohan Malaxa Old Factory. By Royal Decree (2233 of 15 March 1937), 345 hectares were expropriated, which belonged to villagers Tohan. Location of qualifying for such industry: ammunition.
Another unit designed for exploitation of local resources (wood), wood exploitation and carriage on Barsa, Forestry Cooperative was founded in 1925 by the great economist John Manaiala endeavor and whose beneficiaries were: pulp and paper mills and the company Lomas .
Transport Wood, pulp and paper factory necessary, was made largely on the water. Cutting wood near the river was deposited Barsa, and spring when the river flow was high and accordingly, the wood was transported on the gravimetric water .
Another mode of transport was the railway that was abandoned around 1975, the railway was dismantled.
We recall that this forest railway was developed over time as follows:
– Rudarita – Valea Ciocanea, in 1931;
– Valea Ciocanea – Plaiul Foii, in 1933;
– Plaiul Foii – Valea de mijloc, in 1936;
– Valea de mijloc-Sub Bortila , 1940;
– Sub Bortila-Priboaie , in 1943;
– Priboaie-I.F.E.T. (Near Station C.F.R.) in 1950.
Between 1950-1965, the railway network expanded and forestry Tămaşului Barsa, Barsa Barsa’s Iron Bucur and having a length of 65 km.
In the town of Zarnesti, after 1945, industrialization has developed in the following areas:
– Machinery and weapons;
– Pulp and paper industry;
– Exploitation and industrialization of wood;
– Building materials industry;
– Mining exploration.
Construction machinery and armaments industry was the mainstay in the former Tohan plant, which over time had the following names: Mixers (1937-1941); Rogifer (1941-1945); Malaxa (1945-1948), March 6 (1945 1990), Mechanical Engineering Company (1990) and UM Tohan.
Production Profile: Arms until 1945. Among other products: Bicycle (1953), mopeds (1958), and since 1962, machine tool accessories.
Pulp and paper industry.
The nationalization of 1948, pulp mills and paper respectively, were merged by taking pulp and paper being Nicolae Balcescu. Subsequently, these plants have carried the following names: Integrated Pulp and Paper (1969) Integrated Pulp, paper and paperboard (1985), Integrated Pulp and Paper (1990); CELOHART SA (1991), Eco-Paper now.
The exploitation and industrialization of wood
By incorporating Cooperative Forestry and society Lomas in 1948 in Brasov IPEIL this economic activity has achieved different economic outcomes.
Building materials industry
We recall that after the Second World War, this area was marked by:
– Lime stone quarry in the river mouth;
– The 14 lime kilns located between Integrated Pulp and Paper and weightlifting Tohan, decommissioned in 1976;
– Padina limestone quarry Wolf, the transport of limestone to Halta Tohan by a funicular. Destination limestone, steel mills.
Prospecting, mining took place in August and September decades of the twentieth century, all Barsele. Their role prospecting mineral reserves of the area. The results of such exploration, it is possible that economic conditions in other reserves us many surprises. The fact is that, Barsa iron are quite large reserves of basalt.
The correct analysis, devoid of political connotations of the main indicators of economic development, we appreciate Zarnesti city’s economy between 1955 and 1985 is unprecedented.
The exchange of goods and trade
Considering the criterion space, the exchange of goods can be grouped:
– Intraterritorial, within city limits;
– Extraterritorial made between the City and other localities Zarnesti or outside the country.
Given the fundamental function of the goods, we can distinguish the following: goods for the production process (raw materials, fuel, equipment, etc..) Population and consumption goods.
Among the assortment of goods produced by the city’s economy Zarnesti include: pulp, paper, moliftan, Ferrochromium, fodder yeast, lime, limestone, timber, agricultural and food products.
In the town of Zarnesti, operates a large number of commercial units, which provide the full range of products and services required for the population.
source of information is: “The sweep time, Zarnesti” – DR. ING. VLAD ILIE